herbs review

Disperse Wind-Cold

1. Ma Huang (Herba Ephedra)

• Properties: acrid, slightly bitter / warm / Lu, UB

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Induces sweating to relieve exterior: for wind-cold exterior excess syndrome & wind cold-damp Bi syndrome.

  • 2. Facilitates the Lu Qi and calms wheezing: for excess type of coughing and wheezing.

  • 3. Promotes urination to reduce edema: for wind-edema.

• Notes:

  • 1. Contraindicated in cases of deficient conditions with spontaneous sweating, deficient wheezing, and hypertension, or cardiac diseases.

  • 2. Use with caution in cases with insomnia

  • 3. Has very strong function of diaphoresis, so do not overdose.

  • 4. Raw herb used for inducing sweats and promoting urination, fried herb used for calming wheezing.

2. Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi Cassiae)

• Properties: acrid, sweet / warm / Ht, Lu, UB

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Releases exterior: for wind-cold exterior syndrome with or without sweating.

  • 2. Warms the channels: for CD wind-cold-damp Bi syndrome especially in upper extremities, @ irregular menses, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, and abdominal masses due to cold coagulation causing blood stagnation.

  • 3. Unblocks the Yang: for Yang-Qi obstruction in the chest, Ht, and UB, such as chest Bi syndrome, palpitation with irregular pulses, and congested fluid syndrome.

• Notes:

  • 1. It is pungent and warm, easy to injure the Yin and cause bleeding, contraindicated for warm febrile disorders, internal injury due to Yin deficiency and Yang rising, and bleeding disorders.

  • 2. Use with caution during pregnancy.

3. Zi Su Ye (Folium Perillae Frutescentis)

• Properties: acrid, warm, aromatic / Lu, Sp

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Releases the exterior and disperses cold: for wind-cold exterior syndrome that is especially with Qi stagnation. Mild function.

  • 2. Circulates the Qi and harmonizes the Ml: for Qi stagnation and rebellion: CD in the Sp and St, marked by oppression, distention, nausea, and vomiting ® in Lv, Lu and St marked by plum-pit disorder.

  • 3. Regulates the Qi to calm the fetus: for morning sickness.

  • 4. Relieves seafood poison: can be used alone in high dosage.

4. ling lie (Herba seu Flos Schizonepetae Tenuifoliae)

• Properties: acrid, slightly warm, aromatic / Lu, Lv

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Expels wind to releases the exterior: mild function, for wind-cold or wind-heat exterior syndrome.

  • 2. Expels wind to alleviate pain and itch: for CD headache due to wind ® wind rashes with skin itching.

  • 3. Vents rashes: for measles in early stage.

  • 4. Stops bleeding: for various bleeding syndromes, used in charred.

• Notes:

  • 1. Contraindicated for fully erupted measles or opened sores.

  • 2. Zi Su Ye and ling lie both are common herbs used for releasing the exterior, Zi Su Ye can circulate the Qi, and ling lie may stop bleeding.

5. Fang Feng (Radix Ledebouriella Divaricatae)

• Properties: acrid, sweet, slightly warm / UB, Lv, Sp

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Expels wind to release the exterior: for wind-cold exterior syndrome.

  • 2. Expels wind to alleviate pain: for wind causing headache such as migraine, and wind damp Bi syndrome.

  • 3. Expels wind to relieve spasms: for stiffness and spasms of the jaw causing closed mouth, rigidity of the extremities, and opisthotonus such as tetanus, childhood convulsions, and convulsion in pregnancy.

  • 4. Expels wind to stop itch: for wind-rashes (hives), scabies, tinea, and skin itch due to other factors.

  • 5. Spreads the Lv and stretches the Sp: for diarrhea with abdominal pain due to disharmony between the Lv and Sp.

• Notes:

  • 1. Contraindicated for cases with Yin deficiency and vigorous fire, or spasms and convulsions due to blood deficiency.

  • 2. Fang Feng is sweet, warm but not very drying, the function is mild, so it is "the moistening herb in wind-expelling chapter". The dominant function is expelling wind, wildly used for treating various disorders due to wind.

  • 3. Jing Jie and Fang Feng both can expel wind to release the exterior, always use together. Jing Jie is more effective in diaphoresis, and can vent rashes, stop bleeding. Fang Feng is more effective in expelling wind to alleviate pain, especially used for the exterior syndrome with severe headache and body ache.

6. Qiang Huo (Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygil)

• Properties: acrid, bitter, warm, aromatic I UB, Kd, (Lv)

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Disperses wind-cold: for wind-cold exterior syndrome with dampness. Currently also used for treatiIig flu due to wind-heat by anti-virus.

  • 2. Expels wind, overcomes damp to alleviate pain: for headache especially in Taiyang channel and radiate to neck and upper back, and pain in the extremities and joints due to external pathogen attacking.

• Notes:

  • 1. It is warm and drying, contraindicated for cases with Yin or Qi and blood deficiency.

  • 2. For expelling wind to alleviate pain, Qiang Huo and Fang Feng are pair herbs. Qiang Huo is prominent in bitter, acrid, warm and dry properties, is necessary for treating headache, and pain in the neck, upper back, and upper extremities due to wind-cold or wind-damp. Compare with Qiang Huo, Fang Feng is moister by sweet property. Its dominant function is expelling wind, so the most indications have relationship with wind-pathogen attacking

7. Bai Zhi (Radix Angelicae Dahuricae)

• Properties: acrid, warm / Lu, St

• Functions & hidications:

  • 1. Expels wind to alleviate pain: for CD exterior syndrome characterized by headache due to wind-cold or wind-damp. @ Yangming headache. ® to?thache due to wind-cold or wind-fIre.

  • 2. Opens up the nasal orifices: for sinusitis.

  • 3. Reduces swelling and expels pus: for early-stages of surface sores and carbuncles.

  • 4. Dries dampness to reduce discharge: for leukorrhea due to cold damp or damp heat.

• Notes:

  • 1. It is very drying, contraindicated for cases of Yin defIciency with vigorous fIfe, or sores have already ulcerated, and pus drains smoothly.

  • 2. Bai Zhi and Qiang Huo both are commonly used for treating in headache. But Qiang Huo is especially treated for Taiyang headache; and Bai Zhi is focused on treating Yangming headache, sinusitis and toothache. Dr. Huang Gong Xiu said: "it can treat for every head-facial disorders along the Yangming channels"(in book Ben Can Qiu Zhen).

8. Xi Xin (Herba cum Radice Asari)

• Properties: acrid, warm / Lu, Kd

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Expels cold to release exterior: for wind-cold exterior syndrome, that is characterized by severe cold pain.

  • 2. Expels wind, disperses cold to alleviate pain: for headache, toothache, and Bi syndrome due to wind-cold-damp pathogens attacking.

  • 3. Warms the Lu and transforms congested fluids: for coughing and wheezing with copious and clear sputum due to cold congested fluids.

  • 4. Opens up the nasal orifIces: CD for sinusitis marked by nasal congestion with clear discharge. @ powdered and blown into noses for wind-stroke marked by sudden full down and unconsciousness.

• Notes:

  • 1. Should not overdose, 1~3g only.

  • 2. Contraindicated for patients of Yin or Qi defIciency.

  • 3. Incompatible with Li Lu.

9. Gao Ben (Rhizoma et Radix Ligustici)

• Properties: acrid, warm / DB

• Functions & Indications:

  • Dispels wind-cold-damp pathogens, and alleviates pain: for headache, pain in the neck or extremities due to wind-cold-dampness attacking.

• Notes:

  • Contraindicated for cases of Yin or blood deficiency.

10. Cang Er Zi (Fructus Xanthii Sibirici)

• Properties: slightly bitter, warm, toxic / Lu

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Disperses wind-cold and opens up the nasal orifices: for sinusitis.

  • 2. Expels wind-damp to alleviate pain: for wind-cold headache, and wind-damp Bi syndrome.

  • 3. Expels wind to stop itch: for skin itch due to wind rash, and scabies. Can be internally ingested and externally washed.

• Notes:

  • 1. Contraindicated for cases of blood deficiency because it is very drying.

  • 2. It is toxic, should not overdose.

11. Xin Yi Hua (Flos Magnoliae)

• Transliterated name: acrid foreign flower

• Properties: acrid, warm / Lu, St

• Functions & Indications:

  • Disperses wind-cold to open up the nasal orifices: for headache with nasal congestion due to wind-cold, and sinusitis due to wind-cold or wind-heat.

12. Xiang Ru (Herba Elsholtziae seu Moslae)

• Properties: acrid, aromatic, slightly warm / Lu, St

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Relieves summer heat and transforms dampness: for exterior wind-cold attacking with interior dampness injury without sweating (Yin summer disorder).

  • 2. Promotes urination to reduce edema.

• Notes:

  • Contraindicated for exterior disorder with sweating.

13. Sheng Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Officinalis Recens)

• Properties: acrid, warm / Lu, Sp, St

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Disperses cold to release the exterior: for mild type of wind-cold exterior syndrome.

  • 2. Warms the MJ and stops vomiting: for abdominal pain with vomiting due to cold

• attacking.

  • 3. Relieves toxicity: for Ban Xia, Nan Xing, and fish, crab, mushroom poisoning.

  • 4. Transforms phlegm: for coughing with copious sputum that is hard to expectorate, and wind-phlegm obstructing the orifices causing wind-stroke with difficult speech.

14. Sheng Jiang Pi (Cortex Zingiberis Officinalis Recens)

• It is used to promote urination and reduce edema.

Disperse Wind-Heat

15. Bo He (Herba Haplocalycis)

• Properties: acrid, cool, aromatic / Lu, Lv

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Disperses wind-heat: for wind-heat exterior syndrome in common cold and early stage of warm-febrile disease.

  • 2. Clears the head and eyes, and benefits the throat: for headache, Ted eyes, and sore throat due to wind-heat attacking.

  • 3. Vents rashes: for measles in early stage, and wind rashes with itch.

  • 4. Spread the Lv and relieves constraint: for Lv Qi stagnation causing distention in the hypochondrium.

• Notes: Contraindicated for cases of exterior deficiency with spontaneous sweating.

16. Niu Bang Zi (Fructus Arctii Lappae)

• Properties: acrid, bitter, cold / Lu, St

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Disperses wind-heat and benefits the throat: for wind-heat exterior syndrome, especially with sore throat and constipation.

  • 2. Vents rashes: for measles when there is incomplete expression of the rash, and wind rash with itch.

  • 3. Relieves toxic heat: for sores, carbuncles, and mumps.

  • 4. Moistens the Intestines: for constipation.

• Notes: Contraindicated for Sp Qi deficiency with loose stool.

17. Chan Tui (Periostracum Cicadae)

• Properties: sweet, salty, slightly cold / Lu, Lv

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Disperses wind-heat: for CD wind-heat exterior syndrome. ® coughing, sore throat, and hoarse voice due to wind-heat constrained the Lu. ® wind rash with itch.

  • 2. Vents rashes: for measles in early stage, the rash is difficult to come to the surface.

  • 3. Reduces the nebula: for red eyes with nebula due to Lv channel heat.

  • 4. Alleviates spasms: for childhood convulsions and tetanus.

• Notes: Use with caution during pregnancy

18. Sang Ye (Folium Mori Albae)

• Properties: sweet, bitter, cold / Lu, Lv

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Expels wind and clears heat from the Lu: for coughing in early stage of wind-febrile

• disease, and dry-heat injures the Lu.

  • 2. Clears the Lv and brightens the eyes: for CD red, swollen and painful eyes due to

• wind-heat-heat attacking or Lv fIre rising. @ blurry vision, dry eyes and aversion to

• light due to Lv Yin deficiency. ® dizziness due to Lv Yangrisirig.

19. Ju Hua (Flos Chrysanthemi Morifolii)

• Properties: sweet, bitter, slightly cold / Lu, Lv

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Disperses wind and clears heat: CD for fever, headache and dizziness in early stage of

• wind-febrile disease, @ headache due to wind-heat.

  • 3. Clears heat and brightens the eyes: CD for red, swollen and painful eyes due to windheat

• attacking, or Lv fIre rising. @ blurry vision and dry eyes due to Lv and Kd Yin

• defIciency. ® dizziness due to Lv Yang rising.

  • 4. Clears heat and relieves toxicity: for boils, sores and carbuncles.

• Notes:

  • 1. Sang Ye and Ju Hua both have the common function that mildly disperse wind and

• clear heat, should to combine with other disper,sing herbs to treat wind-heat exterior

• syndrome. Sang Ye is effective in clearing the Lu, and Ju Hua is effective in clearing

• the Lv, and clears toxic heat.

  • 2. Huang Ju Hua is especially used for expelling wind-heat; Bai Ju Hua is especially

• used for clearing the Lv and brightening the eyes.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

20. Ge Gen (Radix Puerariae)

• Properties: sweet, acrid, cool/ Sp, St

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Releases the muscles and reduces fever: CD for wind-heat exterior syndrome marked

• by fever. @ wind-cold exterior syndrome with neck and upper back stiffuess.

  • 2. Vents rashes: for measles in early stage with incomplete expression ofthe rash.

  • 3. Generates the fluids to stop thirst: for exterior syndrome with prominent thirst, and

• wasting-thirsting syndrome (Xiao Ke).

  • 4. Raises the Yang to stop diarrhea: CD for acute diarrhea and dysentery due to dampheat,

• @ chronic diarrhea due to Sp deficiency.

  • 5. Currently used for treating in hypertension with neck and upper back stiffuess and tightness. .

21. Chai Hu (Radix Bupleuri)

• Properties: acrid, bitter, cool/Lv GB, PC, SJ

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Releases the exterior and reduces fever: for wind-cold or wind-heat exterior pattern marked by fever.

  • 2. Resolves the Shaoyang to reduce .fever: for Shaoyang disorder marked by alternating chills and fever, and malaria disorder.

  • 3. Spreads the Lv and relieves constraint: for various syndromes due to Lv Qi stagnation.

  • 4. Raises the clear Yang Qi: for Sp and St Qi sinking.

• Notes:

  • 1. Contraindicated for cases of Yin deficiency with Yang rising, and Qi rebellion.

  • 2. Raw herb is used for reducing fever and raising the Yang Qi; vinegar fried herb is used for spreading the Lv and relieving constraint.

  • 3. For raising the Yang Qi and spreading the Lv, better to use small dosage like 3~6g; for reducing fever, should to use high dosage like 1O~20g.

  • 4. Ge Gen and Chai Hu both have prominent effect of reducing fever in releasing exterior herb's chapter. But Chai enters Shaoyang channels, to harmonize Shaoyang and reduce fever. Ge Gen enters Yangming channels, to release muscle and reduce fever. The characteristic of Chai Hu is ascending the Yang and raising the sinking, the characteristic of Ge Gen is ascending the fluids and stopping thirst.

22. Sheng Ma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae)

• Properties: sweet, acrid, cool/ LI, Lu,Sp, St

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Releases the exterior and vents rashes: for wind-heat exterior or measles with incomplete expression of the rash.

  • 2. Clears heat and relieves toxicity: for big head plague (erysipelas), toothache, gum infection, and sore throat due to Yangming channel's toxic heat.

  • 3. Raises the clear Yang Qi: for Qi sinking pattern.

• Notes:

  • 1. Fried herb used for raising the clear Qi.

  • 2. Contraindicated in cases of heat due to Yin deficiency, excess above with deficiency below, and in cases of fully erupted measles, and patients who have difficulty breathing.

23. Dan Dou Chi (Semen Sojae Praeparatum)

• Properties: sweet, slightly bitter, cold or warm / Lu, St

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Releases the exterior: for both wind-cold and wind-heat exterior disorders.

  • 2. Eliminates irritability: for irritability, restlessness, a stifling sensation in the chest, and insomnia following febrile disorders

• Notes:

  • Contraindicated for nursing mothers, as it inhibits lactation.

24. Man ling Zi (Fructus Viticis)

• Properties: bit~er, acrid, cool

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Disperses wind and clears heat: for headache due to wind-heat pathogen, also can be used for headache due to wind-cold.

  • 2. Clears and benefits the head and eyes: for wind-heat pathogen causing red, painful, or swollen eyes, excessive tearing and aversion to light. Also for Ml Qi sinking leading to blurry vision.

• Notes:

  • This herb antagonizes Wu Tou and Shi Gao.

25. Mu Zei (Herba Equiseti Hiemalis)

• Properties: sweet, bitter, neutral/Lv, Lu

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Disperses wind-heat, brightens the eyes, and eliminates nebula: for red eyes covered with nebula and excessive tearing due to wind-heat, or due to Lv deficiency. Also for night-blind.

  • 2. Clears heat and stops bleeding: for blood in the stool or hemorrhoids.

• Notes:

  • Use with caution in cases of urinary frequency, depleted fluids, or Qi deficiency. Also use with caution during pregnancy.

Herbs that clear heat

A. Clear heat and drain fire

26. Shi Gao (Gypsum)

• Properties: sweet, acrid, very cold / Lu, St

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Clears heat and drains fIre: for

    • Qi-level heat in warm febrile disease.

    • Coughing and wheezing due to Lu heat.

    • Headache, toothache, and sore throat due to St heat:

    • Summer heat.

    • Xiao Ke disorders.

      • 2. Externally used to clear heat, generate flesh, and absorb exudation: for sores, ulcers, eczema, and bums.

• Notes:

  • 1. Should be broken up and cooked for 20~30 minutes before the other herbs are added.

  • 2. Contraindicated for patient of Sp and St defIcient cold, or Yin defIciency with internal heat.

27. Zhi Mu (Rhizoma Anemarrhenae Asphodeloidis)

• Properties: bitter, cold / Lu, St, Kd

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Clears heat and drains fIre: for Qi-level heat in warm febrile disease.

  • 2. Clears Lu heat, enriches the Yin and moistens dryness: for Coughing due to Lu heat. Dry coughing due to Yin defIciency.

  • 3. Nourishes the Yin and subdues fIre: for Kd Yin defIciency with vigorous fIre.

  • 4. Nourishes the Yin and generates the fluids: for Xiao Ke disorders.

  • 5. Moistens the Intestines and unblocks the bowels.

• Notes: Contraindicated for patients of Sp defIciency with loose stools.

28. Lu Gen (Rhizoma Phragmitis Communis)

• Properties: sweet, cold / Lu, St

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Clears heat and generates fluids: for heat patterns with fluid injury.

  • 2. Clears St heat and stops vomiting: for vomiting due to St heat.

  • 3. Clears Lu heat: for coughing due to wind-heat, or Lu abscess, or Lu Yin deficiency.

29. Tian Hua Fen xfEtft (Radix Trichosanthis Kirilowii)

• Properties: bitter, slightly sweet, cold / Lu, St

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Clears heat and generates fluids: for heat patterns with fluid injury, and Xiao Ke disorders.

  • 2. Moistens the Lu and transforms phlegm: for dry cough due to Lu heat.

  • 3. Reduces swelling, and expels pus: for sores and carbuncles due to toxic heat.

• Notes: Contraindicated for cases ofSp and St deficiency with loose stools.

30. Dan Zhu Ye (Herba Lophatheri Gracilis)

• Properties: sweet, bland, cold / Ht, SI, St

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Clears heat and eliminates irritability: for heat patterns with irritability and thirst.

  • 2. Clears Ht heat and promotes urination: for mouth sores and ulcers, and rough, scanty, painful, difficult urination due to Ht and SI fire.

31 . Huang Lian (Rhizoma Coptidis)

• Properties: bitter, cold / Ht, LI, Lv, St

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Clears heat and drains fITe: for Irritability, insomnia, sores in the mouth and tongue, and bleeding due to Ht fIre . Vomiting, acid regurgitation, epigastric oppression and pain due to St fIre. Red eyes with swelling and pain due to Lv fife.

  • 2. Clears heat and dries dampness: for Diarrhea and dysentery due to damp-heat. Damp-warm febrile disease.

  • 3. Clears toxic heat: for sores and ulcers due to toxic heat.

• Notes:

  • 1. Contraindicated in cases of Yin defIciency, nausea or vomiting due to St defIcient cold, and diarrhea due to Sp and Kd defIciency.

  • 2. Should not be used in long-term, or overdose.

  • 3. Wine fried herb for heat in the UJ. Ginger juice fried herb for vomiting.

32. Huang Qin (Radix Scutellariae Baicalensis)

• Properties: bitter, cold / GB, LI, Lu, St

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Clears heat and drains fIre: forCoughing due to Lu heat. High fever, irritability, unconsciousness, and delirium due to Ht fife. Headache, dizziness, red eyes due to Lv fife . , tl TtJ GB channel heat such as Shaoyang pattern and damp-heat jaundice.

  • 2. Clears heat and dries dampness: for diarrhea, dysentery, damp-warm febrile disease, and heat Lin syndrome.

  • 3. Clears heat and relieves toxicity: for sores and ulcers due to toxic heat.

  • 4. Clears heat and stops bleeding: for bleeding due to excess fIre blazing thereby reckless movement of the blood.

  • 5. Clears heat and calm the fetus: for irritability and vomiting due to fetus heat.

• Notes:

  • 1. Contraindicated in cases of Yin defIciency, Sp and St defIcient cold with loose stools.

  • 2. Dry-fried herb for stopping bleeding, wine fried herb for clearing UJ heat.

33. Huang Bai (Cortex Phellodendri)

• Properties: bitter, cold / Kd, UB

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Clears heat and drains fire: for Kd fire with Yin deficiency marked by bone steamed

• sensation, tidal fever, night sweats, and spermatorrhea.

  • 2. Clears heat and dries dampness: for

• • LJ damp-heat pattern marked by feet aud knees swelling and pain, weakness and

• atrophy in the lower extremities, Lin syndrome, leukorrhea, and damp lesions of the

• skin in lower body.

• • Diarrhea, dysentery, and jaundice due to damp-heat.

  • 3. Clears heat and relieves toxicity: for sores and ulcers due to toxic heat.

• Notes: contraindicated in cases ofSp deficiency.

34. Long Dan Cao (Radix Gentianae Longdancao)

• Properties: bitter, cold / GB, Lv, St

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Drains excess fire from Lv and GB channels: for

• High fever and convulsions in warm febrile disease .

• Headache, hypochondriac pain, red eyes, tinnitus, and deafness due to Lv and GB

• excess fire.

  • 2. Clears heat and dries dampness: for LJ damp-heat pattern such as damp-heat Lin

• syndrome, wet and itch in pubic area, swollen and painful testicles, leukorrhea, and

• damp rashes of lower body. Also used for damp-heat jaundice.

• Notes: It is very bitter and cold, contraindicated in cases ofSp and St deiicient cold.

• Should not be used in long-term and overdose.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

35. Shan Zhi Zi (Fructus Gardeniae Jasminoidis)

• Properties: bitter, cold / Ht, Lv, Lu, St, SJ

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Clears heat and drains fire: for

• • Heat pattern with irritability, fever, stifling sensation in the chest, the pathogen in the

• UJ Qi stage, or irritability with high fever, lose of consciousness, and delirium.

• • Headache, hypochondriac pain, red eyes due to Lv fire .

  • 2. Clears heat, and relieves toxicity: for heat toxic sores and ulcers ..

  • 3. Cools blood and stops bleeding: for bleeding due to excess fire blazing thereby

• reckless movement of the blood.

  • 4. Clears heat and drains dampness: for damp-heat jaundice and Lin syndrome.

• Notes:

  • 1. Contraindicated in cases of Sp deficiency with loose stools.

  • 2. Dry-fried herb for stopping bleeding.

36. Xia Ku Cao (Spica Prunellae Vulgaris)

• Properties: bitter, acrid, cold / GB, Lv

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Clears Lv fire: for

  • 2. Headache, dizziness due to Lv fire.

  • 3. Red eyes and painful eyes.

  • 4. Clears heat and dissipates constrained nodules: for any neck lumps or nodules as in

• scrofula, phlegm-nodules, lipoma, and goiter due to phlegm-fire.

  • 5. Recently used in treating hypertension.

• Notes: use with caution in cases ofSp a?d St deficiency.

37. Ku Shen (Radix Sophorae Flavescentis)

• Properties: bitter, cold / UB, Ht, Lv, LI, SI

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Clears heat and dries dampness: for diarrhea, dysentery, blood in the stools, and

• jaundice due to damp-heat.

  • 2. Promotes urination: for damp-heat edema, and Lin syndrome.

  • 3. Kills parasites and stops itching: for

• • Skin lesion with itching, as eczema, fungus, scabies, and leprosy.

• . • Leukorrhea, vaginal itching.

• Notes: contraindicated in cases of Sp and St deficient cold. Should not be used in longterm

• and overdose. It is Incompatible with Li Lu.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

B. Clear heat and relieve toxicity

38. Jin Yin Hua (Flos Lonicerae Japoniae)

• Properties: sweet, cold / LI, Lu, St

• Functions & Indications:

• Clears heat and relieves toxicity: for

  • 1. Warm febrile disease in any Wei, Qi, "¥ring and blood level, and wind-heat exterior

• syndrome.

  • 2. Sores and carbuncles due to toxic heat.

  • 3. Dysentery due to toxic heat.

  • 4. Clears summer heat.

• Notes: dry-fried herb for dysentery.

39. Lian Qiao (Fructus Forsythiae Suspensae)

• Properties: bitter, slightly acrid, cool / H,t, Lv, GB

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Clears heat and relieves toxicity: for warm febrile disease in Wei-level, or heat

• pathogen sinking into PC, and wind-heat exterior syndrome. Also for sores in the

• mouth and tongue due to Ht fIre rising.

  • 2. Relieves toxicity and disperses nodules: for Sores, carbuncles, and scrofula due to

• toxic heat.

  • 3. Promotes urination and unblocks Lin: for urinary diffIculty and Lin syndrome.

40. Pu Gong Ying (Herba Taraxaci Mongolici cum Radix)

• Properties: bitter, sweet, COlu I Lv, St

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Clears heat and relieves toxicity: for Yang type of sores and carbuncles due to toxic

• heat. Especially used for mastitis, also for Lu abscess and Intestinal abscess.

  • 2. Clears damp-heat: for jaundice and Lin syndrome due to damp-heat.

• Notes: recently used for upper respiratory tract infection, acute tonsillitis, and mumps.

41 . Ban Lan Gen (Radix Isatidis seu Baphicacanthi)

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

• Properties: bitter, very cold / Ht, Lu, St

• Functions & Indications:

• Clears heat, relieves toxicity, and cools the blood / various excess heat patterns

  • 1. Wind-heat exterior syndrome, and early stage of warm febrile disease marked by

• headache, fever, thirst

  • 2. Heat pathogen invading into Ying and blood levels in warm febrile disease marked by

• high fever, eruptions, unconsciousness

  • 3. Erysipelas, mumps, sores in the mouth: and sore throat due to toxic heat, used

• internally and topically

  • 4. Damp-heat dysentery, and jaundice

  • 5. Vomiting of blood and nosebleed due to excess fIre blazing thereby reckless

• movement of the blood.

• Dosage:ft~30g.

• Notes:

  • 1. Contraindicated in cases of Sp and St cold from defIciency.

  • 2. Often used for warm febrile disease (acute epidemic) due to toxic heat.

42. She Gan (Rhizoma Belamcandae)

• Properties: bitter, cold / Lu

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Clears Lu heat and benefIts the throat: for sore,swollen throat.

  • 2. Clears Lu heat and transforms phlegm: for coughing and wheezing with copious

• sputum, especially due to Lu heat.

• Notes:

  • Contraindicated during pregnancy, and in cases of Sp defIciency with diarrhea.

43. Shan Dou Gen (Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis)

• Properties: bitter, cold / LI, Lu

• Functions & Indications:

  • Clears heat, relieves toxicity, and benefIts the throat: for sore and swollen throat due to

• toxic heat. Recently used for early stage ofLu cancer, throat cancer, and cervix cancer.

• Notes: contraindicated in cases ofSp and St defIciency, and should not be used in longterm

• or overdose. Because it is very bitter, easy to cause nausea and vomiting.

44. Bai Jiang Cao (Herba cum Radice Patriniae)

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang. 2002

• Properties: acrid, bitter, slightly cold / LI, Lv, St

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Clears heat, relieves toxicity, and expels pus: for toxic heat carbuncles and swellings,

• especially for intestinal abscess.

  • 2. Invigorates the blood and disperses blood stasis: for postpartum abdominal pain and

• painful menstruation due to blood stagnation.

45. Tu Fu Ling (Rhizoma smilacis Glabrae)

• Properties: sweet, bland, neutral/Lv, St

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Relieves toxicity, eliminates dampness, and benefits the joints: for syphilis, winddamp

• Bi syndrome. Also for turbid, painful urination, and jaundice due to damp-heat.

  • 2. Clears damp-heat from the skin: for recurrent ulcers or other hot skin lesion.

C. Clear heat and cool the blood

46. Shui Niu Jiao (Cornu Bubali)

• Properties: salty, cold

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Clears heat, cools the blood, relieves toxicity, and arrests the convulsions: for evil

• heat affect into Ying and blood level marked by high fever, macula, bleeding, and

• very red tongue, or evil heat sinking into PC marked by coma and convulsions in

• warm-febrile disease.

  • 2. Clears heat and cools the blood: for heat pattern of bleeding such as vomiting of

• blood, nosebleed, blood in the stools, and purpura.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

47. Sheng Di Huang (Radix Rehmanniae Glutinosae)

• Properties: sweet, bitter, cold / Ht, Kd, Lv

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Clears heat and cools blood: for

• • Evil heat affect into Ying and blood level in warm febrile disease.

• • Heat pattern of Bleeding.

  • 2. Enriches the Yin and generates the fluids: for Yin deficiency and fluid injury pattern.

• Mainly used for Yin deficiency causing fever, Xiao Ke disorders; and hot pattern with

• fluid injury causing constipation.

• Notes: contraindicated in cases of Sp deficiency with dampness, or heat pattern with

• dampness.

48. Xuan Shen (Radix Scrophulariae)

• Properties: salty, sweet, bitter, cold / Kd, Lu, St

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Clears heat and cool the blood: for evil heat affect into Ying and blood level in warm

• febrile disease.

  • 2. Clears heat and relieves toxicity: for toxic heat pattern of sores and carbuncles,

• scrofula, and phlegm-nodules.

  • 3. Nourishes the Yin and subdues fire: for Yin deficiency with vigorous fire pattern.

  • 4. Benefits the throat: for various type of swollen and painful throat.

• Notes: contraindicated in cases of Sp deficient cold. It is incompatible with Li Lu.

49. Mu Dan Pi (Cortex Moutan Radicis)

• Properties: acrid, bitter, cool / Ht, Lv, Kd

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Clears heat and cools blood: for heat affecting into the Ying and blood levels in warm

• febrile disease, and hot pattern bleeding.

  • 2. Iilvigorates the blood, and disperses blood stasis: for amenorrhea, painful menses,

• abdominal masses, and traumatic injury due to blood stasis.

  • 3. Clears Lv fire: for headache and red eyes due to Lv fire rising.

  • 4. Clears deficient heat: for Yin deficiency with blood heat causing bone steamed

• sensation and tidal fever.

• Notes: use with caution during pregnancy, and in menses with excessive hleeding.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

50. Chi Shao Radix Paeoniae Rubrae)

• Properties: sour, bitter, slightly cold I Lv, Sp

• "\

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Clears heat and cools the blood: for heat affecting into the Ying and blood levels in

• warm febrile disease, and hot pattern bleeding.

  • 2. Invigorates the blood, and disperses blood stasis: for amenorrhea, painful menses,

• abdominal masses, and traumatic injury due to blood stasis. Also used for bloody

• dysentery with abdominal pain.

  • 3. Clears Lv fIre: for headache and red eyes due to Lv fIre rising.

• Notes: it is incompatible with Li Lu.

51. Zi Cao (Radix Arnebiae seu Lithospermi)

• Properties: sweet, cold / Ht, Lv

• Functions & Indications:

  • 1. Cools and invigorates the blood: for heat pattern of macula rash, purpura, and measles.

  • 2. Clears heat and relieves toxicjty: for bums, eczema, erysipelas, cold injury, and ulcers

• in the legs.

  • 3. Clears damp-heat and reduces jaundice.

• Notes: slides the Intestines, overdose causes loose stools, contraindicated in cases ofSp

• defIciency with loose stools.

D. Clear deficient heat

52. Qing Hao (Herba Artemisiae Annuae)

• Properties: bitter, cold / Kd, Lv, GB

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Clears defIcient heat: for

• Yin defIciency with vigorous fIre marked by steamed bone sensation and tidal fever.

• Sequelae of a febrile disease. Especially for unremitting fever or night fever and

• morning coolness without sweating.

• 2. Clears summer heat and damp-heat: for summer heat pattern, summer damp pattern,

• and damp-warm febrile pattern.

• 3. Clears Shaoyang GB constrained heat.

• 4. Checks malarial disorders.

• Notes: Should not be decocted for long.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

53. Bai Wei E3 (Radix Cynanchi Baiwei)

• Properties: bitter, salty, cold / Lu, St, Kd

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Clears deficient heat: for fever due to Yin deficiency, and postpartum fever due to

• blood deficiency.

• 2. Clears heat and cools the blood: for evil heat affecting into the Ying and blood levels

• in febrile disease.

• 3. Promotes urination and unblocks the Lin: for hot Lin and bloody Lin syndromes.

54. Di Gu Pi (Cortex Lycii Radicis)

• Properties: sweet, cold / Lu, Lv, Kd

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Clears deficient heat: for fever due to Yin deficiency.

• 2. Clears Lu heat: for coughing and wheezing due to Lu heat.

• 3. Also for Xiao Ke syndrome, and hypertension.

• Purgative Herbs

55. Da Huang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei)

• Properties: bitter, cold / Ht, LI, Lv, St

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Vigorously drains downward and purges accumulation: For constipation due to Sp

• and St accumulation. Especially used for heat accumulation.

• • For heat accumulation and constipation in warm-febrile disease, marked by constant

• high fever, passable unconsciousness and delirium, or heat accumulation and

• constipation due to internal injury.

• • For constipation due to interior heat accumulation with Qi and blood deficiency or

• prominent Yin deficiency.

• • For constipation due to Sp Yang deficiency and cold accumulation.

• • For dysentery due to damp-heat accumulation in intestines characterized by tenesmus.

• • For abdominal pain with difficult defecation due to food accumulation.

• 2. Clears heat and drains fire: forftre evil rising and attacking to the UJ. Characterized

• by red eyes, sore and swollen throat or gum, and sores and ulcer in the mouth and

• tongue, especially appropriate for cases with constipation.

• 3. Drains fire and stops bleeding: for bleeding due to excess fire blazing thereby

• reckless movement of the blood, or due to blood stasis, such as nosebleed, vomiting

• with blood, and coughing with blood. Currently use grind powder ofDa Huang Tan

• to stop hemorrhage of upper digestive tract.

• 4. Drains damp-heat: for Jaundice and Lin syndrome due to damp-heat.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

• 5. Clears heat and reduces fire toxicity: for sores and carbuncles due to toxic heat, and

• burn and scald sufferings, use it in interior and exterior.

• 6. Invigorates the blood and dispels blood stasis: for blood stasis syndrome such as

• postpartum abdominal pain with lingering bleeding and blood clots, dysmenorrhea,

• trauma, and abdominal masses.

• Notes:

• 1. Contraindicated in cases of during pregnant, menstruation, and nursing mother. Use

• with caution of Sp and St deficiency.

• 2. Sheng Da Huang used for purging, cooking less then 10 minutes, or just soaking into

• boiling water. Jiu Zhi Da Huang used for blood stasis syndrome. Da Huang Tan used

• for bleeding.

56. Mang Xiao (Mirabilitum)

• Properties: acrid, bitter, salty, very cold / St, LI

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Purges accumulation, guides out stagnation, and softens hardness: for excess heat

• accumulation in St and Sp marked by constipation, dry stool, and delirium. It can

• drain heat, purge stool, moisten dryness, and soften hardness, recently used for

• abdominal pain and constipation due to gallstone.

• 2. Clears heat, drains fire, and reduces swelling: for sore throat, mouth ulcer, red eyes,

• sores and carbuncles. Also exterior used for breast abscess or intestine abscess in

• early stage, and hemorrhoids.

• Notes:

• 1. Contraindicated during pregnancy, nursing mother.

• 2. Dissolve into the strained decoction.

57. Lu Hui (herb a Aloes)

• Properties: bitter and cold / LI, Lv, St

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Drains fire and purges accumulation: for constipation with red eyes, dizziness,

• irritability and insomnia due to heat accumulation with Ht, and Lv vigorous fire.

• 2. Clears heat and cools the Lv: for Lv channel excess fire syndrome marked by

• constipation, headache, dizziness, irritability, easy to anger, convulsion, and delirium.

• 3. Kills parasites: for Gan Ji (childhood nutritional impairment) especially due to

• parasite accumulation marked by abdominal pain, pallor complexion, and emaciation.

• Notes:

• 1. Contraindicated during pregnancy, or loose stool due to Sp and St deficiency.

• 2. Used in pill, powder form, or exterior, not in decoction.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

Cathartic herbs that drive out water

58. Da Ji (Radix Euphorbiae seu Knoxiae)

• Properties: bitter, acrid, cold, toxic I Kd, LI, Lu

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Drains water downward and drives out congested fluid: for edema, drum-like

• abdominal distention, and congested fluid in the chest ~md hypochondrium. More

• effective than Gem Sui.

• For edema and ascites without righteous Qi deficiency .

• For congested fluid obstruction marked by dull pain in chest and hypochondrium,

• coughing and wheezing, and expectorate stick sputum.

• 2. Reduces swelling and disperses clumps: for swelling, painful and toxic sores,

• carbuncles, bolls, and scrofula, and other phlegm nodules, can be externally and

• internally use.

• Notes:

• 1. Contraindicated during pregnancy, and use with caution in deficient patients.

• 2. This herb is incompatible with Gan Cao.

• 3. More effective as a pill or powder than cooked. For internal use, should to fry with

• vinegar to reduce its toxicity.

• Wind Damp Relieving Herbs

59. Du Huo (Radix Angelicae Pubescentis)

• Properties: bitter, acrid, warm I Kd, UB

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Dispels wind-damp: for acute or chronic wind-cold-damp Bi syndrome. Especially for

• pain in the lower back and lower extremities due to cold-dampness.

• 2. Disperses cold and relieves exterior: for wind-cold with dampness exterior syndrome.

• Notes:

• Qiang Huo and Du Huo both can expel wind-damp, disperse cold to alleviate pain. Qiang

• Huo is stronger in relieving exterior. It is more used for wind-cold exterior syndrome and

• wind-cold-damp Bi syndromes in the upper body. Du Huo is stronger in expelling

• dampness, more used in wind-cold-damp Bi syndrome in the lower body.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

60. Wei Ling Xian (Radix Clematidis)

• Properties: acrid, salty, warm

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Dispels wind-damp, unblocks the channels, and alleviates pain: for wind-damp Bi

• syndrome due to more wind pathogen marked by moving pain.

• 2. Softens and transforms fish bones: for fish bones lodged in the throat.

• 3. Also used for Pi syndrome in the MJ.

• Notes:

• For fish bones lodged in the throat, have to increase dosage to 30g.

61 . Fang Ji (Radix Aristolochiae Fangchi)

• Properties: bitter, acrid, cold / UB, Sp, Kd

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Dispels wind-damp: for wind-damp Bi syndrome that is especially due to more

• dampness or more heat.

• 2. Promotes urination and reduces edema: for edema, ascites, and difficult urination.

• /

• Notes:

• 1. Use with caution in cases of St deficiency, Yin deficiency, and patient without

• dampness.

• 2. Guang Fang Ji is more effective in dispelling wind-damp, Han Fang Ji is more

• effective in promoting urination.

62. Qin Jiao (Radix Gentianae Qinjiao)

• Properties: bitter, acrid, slightly cold / GB, Lv, St

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Dispels wind-damp and relaxes the sinews: for acute or chronic wind-damp Bi

• syndrome, especially proper for heat patterns. But also can be used for cold patterns,

• and post wind-stroke marked by hemiplegia.

• 2. Clears heat from deficiency: for Yin deficiency marked by steamed bones, and Gan Ji

• syndrome marked by fever.

• 3. Clears damp-heat and reduces jaundice: for damp-heat jaundice.

• Notes:

• It is moist, contraindicated in cases of Sp deficiency with loose stools.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Jj Zhang, 2002

63. Bai Hua She (Agkistrodon seu Bungarus)

• Properties: sweet, salty, warm, toxic / Lv, Sp

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Dispels wind and dredges channels: for stubborn wind-damp Bi syndrome, and post

• wind-stroke marked by hemiplegia.

• 2. Dispels external wind and extinguishes internal wind to alleviate spasms: for

• childhood convulsions, and tetanus.

• 3. Dispels wind from the skin: for tinea, numbness of the skin, or any kind of rash.

• Notes:

• Contraindicated in cases of Yin deficiency with heat signs. Use with caution in cases of

• blood deficiency.

64. Hai Tong Pi (Cortex Erythrinae)

• Properties: bitter, acrid, neutral/Lv, Sp, Kd

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Dispels wind-damp and unblocks the channels: for Bi syndrome especially due to

• more damp, and proper for pain in lower extremities.

• 2. Promotes urination and reduces edema: for superficial edema due to dampness.

• 3. Kills parasites and alleviates itching: for scabies, eczema, and other kind of skin

• lesions marked by itching.

65. Sang Zhi (Ramulus Mori Albae)

• Properties: bitter, sweet, slightly cold / Lv

• Functions & Indications:

• Dispels wind-damp, unblocks channels, and benefits the joints: for acute or chronic Bi

• syndrome, can be used for either hot or cold patterns, marked by pain, numbness, or

• limited movement of joints.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

66. Sang Ji Sheng (Ramulus Sangjisheng)

• Properties: bitter, neutral! Kd, Lv

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Dispels wind-damp, tonifies the Lv and Kd, and strengthens the bones and sinews: for

• chronic wind-damp Bi syndrome marked by weakness and soreness in the lower back

• and lower extremities, also used for lower back paiI). and weakness due to Kd

• deficiency.

• 2. Tonifies the Kd and calms the fetus: for restless fetus with uterine bleeding, and

• recurrent abortion due to Kd deficiency.

• 3. Recently used for reducing hypertension.

67. Wu Jia Pi (Cortex Acanthopanacis)

• Properties: acrid, bitter, warm! Kd,. Lv

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Dispels wind-damp and strengthens the bones and sinews: for chronic wind-colddamp

• Bi syndrome, and weakness and soreness in the lower back and knees, or

• atrophy in the lower extremities due to Lv and Kddeficiency.

• 2. Drains dampness and reduces swelling: for edema with urinary difficulty.

• Notes:

• 1. Nan Wu Jia Pi is more effective in dispelling wind-damp, and strengthening the bones

• and sinews. Bei Wu Jia Pi is more effective in draining dampness and reducing

• swelling. Ci Wu Jia can expel wind-damp, and strengthen the bones and sinews, even

• more augment the Qi, strengthen the Sp, tonify the Kd, and calm the spirit.

• 2. Bei Wu Jia Pi is toxic, has side effects such as nausea and vomiting. Should not be

• used in overdose.

68. Xi Xian Cao (Herba Siegesbeckiae)

• Properties: bitter, cold! Kd, Lv

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Dispels wind-damp, and strengthens the bones and sinews: Sheng Xi Xiang Cao used

• for wind-damp-heat Bi syndrome, Jiu Zhi Xi Xian Cao used for paralysis of

• extremities, weakness in the lower back and knees, and hemiplegia in post windstroke.

• 2. Transforms damp-heat: for wind-rash and damp-rash, itching, externally wash.

• 3. Reduces hypertension.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

69. Mu Gua (Fructus Chaenomelis)

• Properties: sour, slightly warm / Lv, Sp

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Dispels dampness, and relaxes the sinews: for damp-Bi syndrome marked by soreness,

• heaviness, and spasms in the extremities, and limited the movement.

• 2. Expels dampness and harmonizes the St: for Huo Luan syndrome marked by frequent

• vomiting and diarrhea with calf spasms due to summer-da~p. Also used for other

• kind of sinews spasms, and calf spasms.

• Interior Warming Herbs

70. Rou Gui (Cortex Cinnamomi Cassiae)

• Properties: acrid, sweet, hot / Ht, Kd, Lv, Sp

• Functions:

• 1. Supplements fIre, strengthens the Yang

• 2. Leads the fIre back to its source

• 3. Disperses co ld to alleviate pain

• 4. Warms the channels, unblocks the vessels

• Clinical applications:

• 1. For various disorders due to Kd Yang defIciency and vital gate fIre wane. Such as

• impotence, reduced sexual desire and infertility due to uterus cold, cold and pain in

• lower back and knees, frequent night urination, spontaneous spermatorrhea (without

• dreams), and enuresis.

• 2. For Upward-floating of deficient Kd Yang. Characterized by flushed face, weak

• wheezing, sweating, palpitation, insomnia, weak and cold lower extremities, and faint,

• rootless pulse.

• 3. For cold pain in the chest, epigastrium and abdomen, and abdominal pain from hernia.

• 4. For pain in lower back and lower extremities due to coldBi syndrome, chest Bi

• syndrome, and Yin type of phlegmon.

• 5. For amenorrhea, and dysmenorrhea due to Chong and Ren channels defIciency and

• cold coagulation leading to blood stagnation.

• 6. For constitutional defIciency caused by Qi and blood wane, its can invigorate the

• growth of Qi and blood (Shi Quan Da Bu Tang).

• Notes:

• 1. Contraindicated in cases of Yin deficiency with heat signs, internal excessive heat,

• and the reckless movement of hot blood. Use with caution during pregnancy.

• 2. When used in decoctions it should be added near the end, and should be crushed into

• small pieces prior to use. Usually taken as powder, 1~2g.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

71 . Gan Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Officinalis)

• Properties: acrid, hot / Ht, Lu, Sp, St

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Warms the MJ, disperses cold: for cold pain in epigastrium and abdomen, vomiting

• and diarrhea due to cold.

• 2. Restore the devastate Yang, unblocks the channels: for devastated Yang disorders.

• 3. Warms the Lu, transforms congested fluid: For coughing and wheezing due to cold

• congested fluid obstructing in the Lu, marked by expectoration of profuse, thin,

• watery .sputum, aversion to cold, and cold sensation in upper back.

• Notes: Use with caution during pregnancy.

72. Gao Liang Jiang (Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinari)

• Properties: acrid, hot / Sp, St

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Disperses cold to alleviate pain: for St cold causing epigastric and abdominal cold

• pam.

• 2. Warms the MJ to stop vomiting: for MJ cold leading to vomiting.

• Notes:

• Gan Jiang and Gao Liang Jiang both can warm the MJ and alleviate pain. Gan Jiang is

• more effective in warming the MJ, especially used for warming the St, alleviating

• stomachache, and stopping vomiting. Gao Liang Jiang is more effective in alleviating

• pain, especially used for warming the Sp, used for treating Sp Yang deficiency leading to

• abdominal pain with diarrhea.

73. Ding Xiang (Flos Caryophylli)

• Properties: acrid, warm / Kd, Sp, St

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Warms the MJ, descends rebellious Qi: for St cold causing vomiting and hiccough,

• this is the major herb.

• 2. Disperses cold, alleviates pain: for St cold causing epigastric and abdominal pain.

• 3. Warms the Kd, aids the Yang:

• • For impotence due to Kd Yang deficiency.

• • . For clear leukorrhea due to cold-dampness.·

• • For Yin type sores, or traumatic injury, externally use as powder.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

74. Chuan Jiao (Percarpium Zanthoxyli Bungeani)

• Properties: acrid, hot, slightly toxic / Kd, Sp, St

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Warms the MJ, alleviates pain: for severe abdominal pain due to Sp and St deficiency

• and cold attacking. And vomiting and diarrhea due to cold-dampness obstructing in

• the MJ.

• 2. Kills parasites: for abdominal pain due to parasite accumulation.

• 3. Stops itch: for itch from eczema, and vaginal itch, use decoction to externally wash.

• Notes:

• Use with causing during pregnancy.

75. Wu Zhu Yu (Fructus Evodiae Rutaecarpae)

• Properties: acrid, bitter, hot, slightly toxic / Kd, Lv, Sp, St

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Disperses cold, alleviates pain: for various pain syndrome due to cold stagnating in

• the Lv channel. It can both dispel cold evil and relieve Qi constraint in Lv channel.

• 2. Warms the MJ, stops vomiting: for vomiting due to St cold. It can warm the MJ,

• descend rebellious Qi downward, and stop pain.

• 3. Strengthens the Sp Yang, stops diarrhea: for diarrhea due to Sp and Kd deficient cold.

• 4. Leads fire downward: for mouth sores, ulcer, and hypertension, use powder mixed

• with vinegar., external placed on the points of Kd 1.

• Notes:

• It should not be used long-term or cases with Yin deficiency and heat signs.

76. Xiao Hui Xiang (fructus foeniculi vulgaris)

• Properties: acrid, warm / Lv, Kd, Sp, St

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Disperses cQld to alleviate pain:

• • For abdominal pain from cold hernia.

• • For swelling, distention and pain of testicle.

• • For lower abdominal cold pain due to cold evil attacking to Lv channel, or

• dysmenorrhea due to Chong-Ren channel deficient cold.

• 2. Regulates the Qi to harmonize the St: for vomiting, and reduced appetite due to St

• cold, accompanied by distention and pain in the epigastrium and abdomen.

• Notes: Use with caution in cases of Yin deficiency with heat signs.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

77. Hu Jiao (Fructus Piperis Nigri)

• Properties: acrid, hot / LI, St

• Functions & Indications:

• Warms the MJ, disperses cold:

• 1. For cold-dampness injured the MJ causes vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.

• 2. Also can use powder to externally place into navel for treating in abdominal pain and

• diarrhea due to exterior cold evil attacking.

78. Bi Ba (Fructus Piperis Longi)

• Properties: acrid, hot / St, LI

• Functions & Indications:

• Warms the MJ, disperses cold:

• 1. For epigastric and abdominal cold pain, vomiting, and diarrhea due to St severe cold.

• 2. For chest Bi syndrome.

• 3. For toothache, externally use as powder.

• Aromatic Herbs that Transform Dampness

79. Cang Zhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis)

• Properties: Acrid, bitter, warm, aromatic / Sp, St

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Strongly dries dampness and strengthens the Sp: for dampness obstructing the MJ and

• causing disorder of transportation and transformation of Sp. Symptoms include

• epigastric and abdominal distention, poor appetite, nausea and vomiting, loose stool

• or diarrhea, fatigue, and white, thick, turbid and greasy tongue coating.

• • Leukorrhea due to cold-dampness.

• • Leukorrhea due to damp-heat.

• • Damp-warm febrile disease.

• 2. Dispels wind-dampness: for wind-damp Bi syndrome.

• • Especially used for cases with prominent dampness. Also can used for cases with

• prominent cold-dampness.

• • Damp-heat Bi syndrome or Wei syndrome in lower extremities.

• 3. Releases exterior: for Wind-cold exterior disorder with dampness marked by

• headache, soreness, heaviness, swollen and pain in extremities without sweating.

• 4. Improves vision: for Night blindness or diminished vision with a rough sensation in

• the eyes.

• Notes: Contraindicated in cases with excessive sweating, or Yin deficiency with interior

• heat, or constipation.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang; 2002

80. Hou Po (Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis)

• Properties: Bitter, acrid, warm, aromatic / Sp, St, Lu, LI

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Dries dampness, promotes movement of the Qi, and reduces accumulation: for

• Dampness obstructing the Sp and St causing epigastric and abdominal distention

• and fullness.

• 2. Directs rebellious Qi downward, calms wheezing:

• for Qi stagnation causing distention and pain in chest and abdomen

• Constipation with abdominal distention due to accumulation and stagnation.

• Plum-pit syndrome due to mixed phlegm-Qi obstruction.

• Wheezing, coughing with stifling sensation in the chest due to phlegm-damp

• accumulation.

• Notes:

• Use with caution during pregnancy. Contraindicat~d in cases of Yin and fluid deficiency

• with interior heat.

81. Huo Xiang (Herba Agastaches seu Pogostemi)

• Properties: Acrid, slightly warm / Sp, St, Lu

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Transforms dampness and revives the Sp: for dampness obstructing the Sp and St

• causing distention and fullness in the epigastrium and abdomen, and reduced appetite.

• • Also for early stage of damp-warm febrile diseases

• 2. Eliminates turbid evil, regulates the MJ: for vomiting and diarrhea due to dirty and

• turbid evil attacking

• • Vomiting due to St cold: with Sheng Jiang, Ban Xia

• • Vomiting due to damp-heat: with Huang Lian, Zhu Ru

• • Vomiting due to Sp and St deficiency: with Dang Shen, Zhi Gan Cao

• • Morning sickness: with Sha Ren

• 3. Resolves summer-evil: for Summer-damp syndrome

• 4. Releases exterior: for exterior wind-cold with dampness obstructing the MJ syndrome

• marked by chills and fever with fullness and stifling sensation in the chest and

• ep igastrium .

• 5. Also used for

• • Naso-sinusitis: with Zhu Dan Zhi

• • Halitosis (foul breath): used alone to gargle

• Notes:

• Contraindicated in cases of Yin deficiency with heat signs, and St fITe.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

82. Sha Ren (Fructus Amomi)

• Properties: Acrid, warm, aromatic J, Sp, St

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Transforms dampness, promotes movement of the Qi / Used for dampness obstruction

• and Qi stagnation in the Sp and St causing epigastric and abdominal distention and

• fullness, no appetite, vomiting and diarrhea: with Mu Xiang, Cang Zhu, Hou Po

• • Food accumulation leading to Qi stagnation: with Mu Xiang, Zhi Shi, and Bai Zhu

• • Sp deficiency with Qi and damp stagnation: with Dang Shen, Bai Zhu, and Fu Ling

• • MJ deficient cold leading to abdominal pain and diarrhea: with Gan Jiang, Fu Zi

• I

• 2. Calms the fetus / Morning sickness, or restless fetus: with Bai Zhu, Zi Su Geng

• Notes:

• 1. Contraindicated in cases of Yin deficiency with heat signs.

• 2. When used in decoctions the herb should be added near the end. Should be crushed

• prior to use.

83. Bai Dou Kou (Fructus Amomi kravanh)

• Properties: Acrid, warm, aromatic / Lu, Sp, St

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Aromatically transforms dampness, promotes movement of the Qi

• • Dampness obstructing the Sp and St causing epigastric and abdominal distention and

• fullness, no appetite: with Cang Zhu, Hou Po, Chen Pi

• • Stifling sensation in the chest due to Lu Qi stagnation: with Hou Po, Zhi Ke

• • Early stage of damp-warm febrile diseases: more damp than heat, with Xing Ren, Yi

• Yi Ren, and Tong Cao; more heat than damp, with Huang Qin, Hua Shi, and Zhu

• Ling

• 2. Warms the MJ, stops vomiting / Nausea and vomiting due to St cold

• • Especially for vomiting due to cold-damp or food stagnation: with Huo Xiang, Chen

• Pi, and Sheng Jiang ,

• • Baby vomiting of milk due to St cold in: with Sha Ren, Gan Cao

• Notes:

• 1. Contraindicated in cases of Yin and blood deficiency. Use with caution in cases

• without damp-cold.

• 2. When used in decoctions the herb should be added near the end.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

84. Cao Dou Kou (Semen Alpiniae Katsumadai)

• Properties: Acrid~ warm, aromatic / Sp, St

• Functions & Indications:

• Dries damp, promotes movement of the Qi / cold-dampness injuring the MJ marked by

• cold pain in the epigastrium and abdomen, vomiting of clear saliva, reduced appetite, and

• diarrhea, white and greasy tongue coating

• • More cold than damp: with Wu Zhu Yu, Gao Liang Jiang

• • More damp than cold: with Cang Zhu, Hou Po

• Notes:

• 1. Contraindicated in cases of Yin deficiency.

• 2. When used in decoctions the herb should be added near the. end. Should be crushed

• prior to use.

85. Cao Guo (Fructus Amomi Tsao-ko)

• Properties: Acrid, warm / Sp, St

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Dries dampness, disperses cold / severe cold-dampness injuring the MJ marked by

• epigastric and abdominal distention, fullness, pain, vomiting, and diarrhea: with Cang

• Zhu, Hou Po, Sheng Jiang, and Ban Xia

• 2. Dries dampness and checks malarial disorders / Malarial disorders with severe

• phlegm-dampness: with Chang Shan

• Malaria due to cold pattern: add Fu Zi, ShengJiang

• Malaria due to heat pattern: add Zhi Mu, Huang Qin

• Notes:

• 1. Contraindicated in cases of Yin deficiency. Over dosage can cause vomiting.

• Should be crushed prior to use. Roasting the herb reduces the possible side effect of

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang. 2002

Herbs that Drain Dampness

86. Fu Ling (Sclerotium Poriae Cocos)

• Properties: sweet, bland, neutral/ Ht, Sp, Lu

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Promotes urination and leaches out dampness I urinary difficulty, edema, phlegm, and

• congested fluids

• • For water-damp accumulation causing urinary difficulty, edema

• • Ifabove syndrome due to dysfunction of transformation ofUB Qi

• • For Qi deficiency with severe edema

• • For Chronic edema due to Sp and Kd Yang deficiency

• • For phlegm-congested fluid accumulation in the St marked by fullness and distention

• in the epigastrium, and vomiting of clear fluid

• • For phlegm-congested fluid leading to dizziness

• • For phlegm-damp accumulation in the Lu marked by coughing with copious sputum

• • Also used for jaundice and Lin syndrome due to damp-heat

• 2. Drains dampness and strengthens the Sp I Sp Qi deficiency with dampness marked by

• poor appetite, and loose stool

• 3. Quiets the Ht and calms the spirit I palpitation, and insomnia

• • Due to Ht and Sp deficiency

• • Due to phlegm-turbidity

87. Zhu Ling (Sclerotium Polypori Umbellati)

• Properties: sweet, bland, and slightly cool I Sp, Kd, and UB

• Functions & Indications:

• Promotes urination and leaches out dampness I It is stronger than Fu Ling to promote

• urination, used for urinary difficulty, edema with distention, diarrhea, Lin syndrome,

• turbid urine, and vaginal discharge

• • Always combine with Fu Ling, Ze Xie

• • For Lin syndrome due to damp-heat, combine with herbs that clear heat, drain

• dampness to unblock Lin

• Notes:

• 1. Contraindicated in the absence of dampness.

• 2. Pharmacological research: Its polysaccharide can relieve Liver injury.

• 3. Currently used for treating malignant tumor such as Lu cancer, cervix cancer,

• esophagus cancer, Liver cancer, leukemia, and lymphosarcoma, can increase

• immunity level, relieve the side effects of chemotherapy and radiation, improve

• symptoms, increase weight, reduce bleeding and infections, and prolong patient's life.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang. 2002

88. Ze Xie (Rhizoma Alismatis Orienta litis)

• Properties: sweet, bland, and cold / Kd, UB

• Functions & Indications:

• Promotes urination and leaches out dampness, and drains heat from the Kd and UB / used

• for edema, urinary difficulty, diarrhea, Lin syndrome, turbid urine, vaginal discharge, and

• congested fluids.

• • Its function of promoting urination is stronger than Fu Ling. Its cold property can

• drain heat from the Kd and UB, so it is very appropriate for treating LJ damp-heat,

• always combine with Hua Shi and Gan Cao

• • Also used for dizziness and vertigo due to damr>.phlegm and congested fluids,

• combine with Bai Zhu (Ze Xie Tang)

• Notes:

• 1. Contraindicated in cases of spermatorrhea or vaginal discharge that is due to Kd Yang

• deficiency or damp-cold.

• 2. For promoting urination and leaching out dampness, the function of Ze Xie is same as

• Zhu Ling, but Fu Ling can strengthen the Sp, Ze Xie is cold, is able to drain heat from

• the Kd and UB, especially used for treating LJ damp-heat. Also is an effective herb

• for treating dizziness due to phlegm-congested fluid.

89. Yi Yi Ren (Semen Coicis Lachryma-jobi)

• Properties: sweet, bland, and slightly cold / Sp, Lu, Kd

• \

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Promotes urination, and leaches out dampness / urinary difficulty, edema

• • It also used for damp-warm febrile disease marked by more dampness

• 2. Strengthens the Sp / reduced appetite, diarrhea, and vaginal discharge due to Sp

• deficiency, combine with Dang Shen, Bai Zhu, and Fu Ling

• 3. Drains dampness and expels Bi syndrome / wind-damp Bi syndrome especially due to

• more dampness marked by heavy, aching body, and sinew spasms

• • Due to more cold, combine with Ma Huang, Gui Zhi

• • Due to more heat, combine with Di Long, Fang Ji

• 4. Clears heat and expels pus / Lu abscess, and Intestinal abscess

• • For Lu abscess marked by spiting of purulent sputum

• • For Intestinal abscess, combine with Bai Jiang Cao, Dan Pi, and Tao Ren

• 5. Clears damp-heat / Lin syndrome due to damp-heat

• Notes:

• 1. Use with causing during pregnancy.

• 2. For tonifying the Sp and stopping diarrhea the herb should be dry-fried.

• 3. It is slightly cold so does not injure the St, augments the Sp but is not greasy,

• therefore is more appropriate for treating chronic diseases and senior patients. It

• should be used for long-term and used in high dosage, because Yi Yi Ren is mild.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

90. Che Qian Zi (Semen Plantaginis)

• Properties: sweet, cold / UB, Kd, Lv, Lu

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Clears heat, promotes urination, and unblocks Lin / urinary difficulty, edema and

• damp-heat Lin syndrome

• 2. Promotes urination to firm the stool/watery diarrhea due to dampness or summer

• dampness

• 3. Clears heat and brightens the eyes / red, swollen and painful eyes due to Lv fire rising,

• and dizziness, blurry vision due to Lv and Kd Yin deficiency

• 4. Clears heat and transforms phlegm / phlegm-heat coughing

• 5. Currently used for hypertension.

• Notes:

• 1. Contraindicated during pregnancy.

• 2. Place in filter during decoction.

91. Hua Shi (Talcum)

• Properties: sweet, bland, and cold / St, UB

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Promotes urination and unblocks Lin / heat-Lin syndrome, stone-Lin syndrome,

• urinary difficulty, water retention due to damp-heat

• 2. Clears and releases summer heat / summer-damp, and damp-warm febrile disorders

• 3. Clears heat, absorbs dampness to astringe sores / damp skiri lesion. Usually externally

• use

• Notes:

• 1. Use with caution in cases ofSp deficiency, Yin deficiency, and during pregnancy.

• 2. " Place in a separate porous bag when decocting.

92. Deng Xin Cao (Hb. Medulla Jenci)

• Properties: sweet, bland, and slightly cold / Ht, Lu, SI

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Clears heat, promotes urination, and unblocks Lin / Lin syndrome, urinary difficulty,

• and heat pattern with dark, scanty urine

• 2. Clears heart heat and eliminates irritability / irritability, restlessness, and-insomnia,

• can guide Ht fIre downward and expel through the urine. Also for night crying of

• babies

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

93. Mu Tong (Caulis Mutong)

• Properties: bitter, cool/ UB, Ht, SI

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Clears heat, promotes urination, and unblocks Lin / urinary difficulty, Lin syndrome,

• and edema

• 2. Drains heart fire / irritability, restlessness, insomnia, sores and ulcers in the mouth

• and tongue, and dark, scanty urine due to Ht-fire rising

• 3. Promotes lactation and unblocks the blood vessels / postpartum scanty lactation

• 4. Also used for damp-heat Bi syndrome, and amenorrhea due to blood stasis.

• Notes: Contraindicated during pregnancy. Should not be used in overdose.

94. Qu Mai (Hb. Dianthi)

• Properties: bitter, cold / UB, Ht, SI

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Clears heat, promotes urination, and unblocks Lin / Lin syndrome due to damp-heat.

• Especially proper for hot Lin and bloody Lin-,-

• 2. Invigorates the blood and unblocks channels / amenorrhea or irregular menstruation

• Notes: contraindicated during pregnancy.

95. Bian Xu (Hb. Polugoni Avicularis)

• Properties: bitter, slightly cold / UB

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Clears heat, promotes urination, and unblocks Lin / hot Lin syndrome due to dampheat

• downward

• 2. Kills parasites and stops itching / externally used for skin damp-rashes as eczema,

• vaginal itching. And internally used for roundworm, and hookworm

96. Di Fu Zi (Fr. Kochiae)

• Properties: sweet, bitter, cold IUB

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Clears heat, promotes urination, and unblocks Lin / Lin syndrome

• 2. Eliminates dampness and stops itching / skin disorders such as eczema, moist ulcers

• where itching is a major problem, and pubic area itching due to damp-heat. Can be

• used both externally and internally

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang. 2002

97. Shi Wei (Hb. Pyrrosiae)

• Properties: bitter, sweet, slightly cold / UB, Lu

• 1. Clears heat, promotes urination, and unblocks Lin / hot Lin, stone Lin, and bloody Lin

• syndrome

• 2. Clears Lu heat and transforms phlegm / coughing and wheezing with copious sputum

• due to Lu heat

• 3. Clears heat and stops bleeding / bleeding due to reckless movement of hot blood.

• Such as vomiting blood, nosebleed, coughing of blood, and uterine bleeding

98. Dong Kui Zi (Sm. Malvae)

• Properties: sweet, cold / UB, LI, SI

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Clears heat, promotes urination, and unblocks Lin / urinary difficulty, Lin syndrome,

• and edema

• 2. Promotes lactation / insufficient lactation with painful swollen breasts, or early stage

• of mastitis ""-

• 3. Moistens the Intestines / constipation due to insufficient fluids in the Intestines

• Notes:

• Contraindicated in cases of diarrhea due to Sp deficiency. Use with caution during

• pregnancy.

99. Bi Xie (Rx. Dioscoriae Hyphoglaucae)

• Properties: bitter, neutral/ UB, Lv, St

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Drains dampness and expels turbidity / paste Lin syndrome or turbid urine, and

• leukorrhea due to damp-heat or deficiency, can separate the pure from the turbidity

• 2. Dispels wind-dampness / Wind-damp Bi syndrome. Especially for lower back pain,

• and numbness, stiffuess in the lower extremities, or muscle aches

• 3. Clears damp-heat from the skin / damp-heat skin lesions such as eczema and pustular

• sores

• Notes:

• Contraindicated in spermatorrhea due to Kd Yin deficiency.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

100. Yin Chen Hao (Hb. Artemisiae Cappilaris)

• Properties: bitter, acrid, cool/Lv, Sp, GB, St

• Functions & Indications:

• l. Clears heat, drains dampness / jaundice due to either damp-heat or damp-cold

• 2. Benefits the GB to reduces jaundice / damp-warm febrile disease and Lv and GB

• damp-heat, marked by bitter taste in the mouth, yellow and greasy tongue coat, dark

• urine. Also for damp-rashes, and damp-sores due to damp-heat marked by itching

• 3. Recently used for reducing high cho lestero 1.

• Notes:

• Use with caution for pallor and yellow complexion and skin due to blood deficiency.

• Digestant Herbs

101. Shan Zha (Fructus. Crataegi)

• Properties: Sour, sweet, slightly warm / Sp, St, Lv

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Reduces and transforms food accumulation / Food accumulation. Especially due to

• meat or greasy foods. Marked by epigastric and abdominal distention, fullness, and

• pain, belching, acid regurgitation, passable loose stool, or diarrhea: can be used alone,

• or combine with Mai Ya, and Shen Qu.

• • Food accumulation with Qi stagnation casing severe distention and pain, combine

• with Qing Pi, Zhi Shi, and E Zhu

• 2. Promotes the Qi movement, and disperses blood stasis

• • Dysentery with accumulation marked by abdominal pain: with Mu Xiang, Bing Lang,

• andZhi Ke

• • Hernia marked by abdominal pain: with Ju He and Li Zhi He

• • Postpartum abdominal pain and lingering bleeding with blood clots, or dysmenorrhea

• due to blood stasis: can be used alone, or combine with Dang Gui, Chuan Xiong, and

• YiMu Cao

• • Currently used alone in high dosage for Coronary heart disease, hypertension, and

• high cholesterol

• Notes:

• 1. Use with caution in cases with acid regurgitation.

• 2. The Sheng Shan Zha mostly used for reducing food stagnation and dispersing blood

• stasis. Jiao (Chao) Shan Zha mostly used for stop diarrhea or dysentery disorder.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

102. Shen Qu (Massa Fermentata)

• Properties: Sweet, acrid, warm / Sp, St

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Reduces food stagnation, and harmonizes the St / Food stagnation marked by

• epigastric and abdominal distention and fullness, reduced appetite, borborygmus, and

• diarrhea. Especially appropriate for food stagnation with exterior syndrome or drink

• alcohol: with Shan Zha, Mai Ya, and Mu Xiang

• 2. Helps to digest herbs of minerals, and shells / Added to pills that contain minerals,

• Metals, and shells to aid in their digestion and absorption

103. Mai Ya (Fructus Hordei Vulgaris Germinantus)

• Properties: Sweet, neutral / Sp, St, Lv

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Reduces food stagnation, and strengthens the St / Food stagnation especially due to

• starchy foods: with Shan Zha, Shen Qu, and Ji Nei Jin

• •

• •

• Milk stagnation in infants: can used alone in powder or decoction

• Reduced appetite, fullness and distention after meal due to Sp deficiency: with Bai

• Zhu, and Chen Pi

• 2. Inhibits lactation and relieves distention / WOIllen discontinue nursing, distended and

• painful breasts: used alone for 120g in decoction

• 3. Spreads the Lv and relieves the constrained Qi / Lv Qi stagnation, or disharmony of

• Lv and St, marked by hypochondriac, epigastric, and abdominal pain: with other

• herbs that spread the Lv and regulate the Qi

• Notes:

• 1. Contraindicated in women during nursing.

• 2. Sheng Mai Ya used for reducing food stagnation and strengthening the St. Chao Mai

• Ya used for inhibiting lactation and relieving the distention.

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002

104. Lai Fu Zi (Semen Raphani Sativi)

• Properties: Acrid, sweet, neutral/ Sp, St, Lu

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Reduces food stagnation, eliminates distention / Food accumulation with Qi

• stagnation, marked by epigastric and abdominal distention, fullness, and pain,

• belching, and acid regurgitation: with Shan Zha, Shen Qu and Chen Pi (Baa He Wan)

• • For food stagnation with dysentery marked by tenesmus, can combine with Mu Xiang,

• Zhi Shi and Da Huang

• 2. Descends rebellious Qi, transforms phlegm / Coughing and wheezing with copious

• sputum, stifling sensation in the chest, reduced appetite, it can reduce food stagnation,

• open the St, transform phlegm, stop coughing, descend rebellious Qi, and calm

• wheezing: with Bai lie Zi and Zi Su Zi (San Zi Yang Qin Tang)

• Notes:

• 1. Use with caution in cases ofQi deficiency. It is not appropriate to combine with Ren

• Shell.

• 2. Crush it. Raw herb used for vomiting wind-phlegm. Fried herb used for reducing food

• stagnation, descending rebellious Qi, and transforming phlegm.

105. l i Nei lin (Endothelium Corneum Gigeriae Galli)

• Properties: Sweet, neutral / Sp, St, SI, UB

• Functions & Indications:

• 1. Strongly reduces food stagnation, strengthen the St / Various food stagnation: mostly

• used alone in powder

• • Severe cases with distention and fullness: with Shan Zha, Mai Ya, and Qing Pi

• • Gan Ji (similar to childhood nutritional impairment) due to Sp deficiency and food

• accumulation or parasites: with Bai Zhu, Shan Yao, and Shi lun Zi

• 2. Secures the essence, stops spermatorrhea and enuresis / Spermatorrhea and enuresis

• due to Kid deficiency

• Spermatorrhea: with Qian Shi, Lian Zi Rou, and Tu Si Zi

• Enuresis: with Sang Piao Xiao, Fu Pen Zi, and Yi Zhi Ren

• 3. Transforms and dissolves stones / Stones in either the urinary or biliary tract: always

• combine with lin Qian Cao

• Notes:

• 1.5~3g in grind powder (more effective).

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• CA State Board Herbal Review © Copy right by Dr. Ji Zhang, 2002